The aim of this research was to compare the prevalence of affective, anxiety and substance use disorders, and the use of mental health services, between respondents identifying with the Australian Defence Force (ADF) or the Department of Veterans’ Affairs (DVA) and the general population. The reserach used 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW 2007) data (a nationally representative household survey of 8,841 respondents aged between 16 and 85).